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This is an experimental technology
Because this technology's specification has not stabilized, check the compatibility table for usage in various browsers. Also note that the syntax and behavior of an experimental technology is subject to change in future versions of browsers as the specification changes.
Summary
The perspective-origin
CSS property determines the position the viewer is looking at. It is used as the vanishing point by the perspective
property.
Initial value | 50% 50% |
---|---|
Applies to | transformable elements |
Inherited | no |
Percentages | refer to the size of bounding box |
Media | visual |
Computed value | for <length> the absolute value, otherwise a percentage |
Animatable | yes, as a simple list of , a length, percentage or calc(); when both values are lengths, they are interpolated as lengths; when both values are percentages, they are interpolated as percentages; otherwise, both values are converted into a calc() function that is the sum of a length and a percentage (each possibly zero), and these calc() functions have each half interpolated as real numbers. |
Canonical order | One or two values, with length made absolute and keywords translated to percentages |
Syntax
perspective-origin: x-position; /* one-value syntax */ perspective-origin: x-position y-position; /* two-value syntax */ /* When both x-position and y-position are keywords, the following is also valid */ perspective-origin: y-position x-position; /* Global values */ perspective-origin: inherit; perspective-origin: initial; perspective-origin: unset;
Values
- x-position
- Indicates the position of the abscissa of the vanishing point. It can have one of the following values:
<percentage>
indicating the position relative to the width of the element. The value may be negative.<length>
indicating the position using a length value. The value may be negative.left
, a keyword being a shortcut for the0
length value.center
, a keyword being a shortcut for the50%
percentage value.right
, a keyword being a shortcut for the100%
percentage value.
- y-position
- Indicates the position of the ordinate of the vanishing point. It can have one of the following values:
<percentage>
indicating the position relative to the height of the element. The value may be negative.<length>
indicating the position using a length value. The value may be negative.top
, a keyword being a shortcut for the0
length value.center
, a keyword being a shortcut for the50%
percentage value.bottom
, a keyword being a shortcut for the100%
percentage value.
Formal syntax
<position>where
<position> = [[ left | center | right | top | bottom | <length-percentage> ] | [ left | center | right | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ] | [ center | [ left | right ] <length-percentage>? ] && [ center | [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage>? ]]
where
<length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage>
Examples
Cubes with popular perspective-origin
values
HTML Content
<table> <tbody> <tr> <th><code>perspective-origin: top left;</code> </th> <th><code>perspective-origin: top;</code> </th> <th><code>perspective-origin: top right;</code> </th> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="container"> <div class="cube potl"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="container"> <div class="cube potm"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="container"> <div class="cube potr"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <th><code>perspective-origin: left;</code> </th> <th><code>perspective-origin: 50% 50%;</code> </th> <th><code>perspective-origin: right;</code> </th> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="container"> <div class="cube poml"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="container"> <div class="cube pomm"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="container"> <div class="cube pomr"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <th><code>perspective-origin: bottom left;</code> </th> <th><code>perspective-origin: bottom;</code> </th> <th><code>perspective-origin: bottom right;</code> </th> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="container"> <div class="cube pobl"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="container"> <div class="cube pobm"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="container"> <div class="cube pobr"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
CSS Content
/* Shorthand classes for perspective-origin values */ .potl { perspective-origin: top left; -webkit-perspective-origin: top left; } .potm { perspective-origin: top; -webkit-perspective-origin: top; } .potr { perspective-origin: top right; -webkit-perspective-origin: top right; } .poml { perspective-origin: left; -webkit-perspective-origin: left; } .pomm { perspective-origin: 50% 50%; -webkit-perspective-origin: 50% 50%; } .pomr { perspective-origin: right; -webkit-perspective-origin: right; } .pobl { perspective-origin: bottom left; -webkit-perspective-origin: bottom left; } .pobm { perspective-origin: bottom; -webkit-perspective-origin: bottom; } .pobr { perspective-origin: bottom right; -webkit-perspective-origin: bottom right; } /* Define the container div, the cube div, and a generic face */ .container { width: 100px; height: 100px; margin: 24px; border: none; } .cube { width: 100%; height: 100%; backface-visibility: visible; perspective: 300px; transform-style: preserve-3d; -webkit-backface-visibility: visible; -webkit-perspective: 300px; -webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d; } .face { display: block; position: absolute; width: 100px; height: 100px; border: none; line-height: 100px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 60px; color: white; text-align: center; } /* Define each face based on direction */ .front { background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); transform: translateZ(50px); -webkit-transform: translateZ(50px); } .back { background: rgba(0, 255, 0, 1); color: black; transform: rotateY(180deg) translateZ(50px); -webkit-transform: rotateY(180deg) translateZ(50px); } .right { background: rgba(196, 0, 0, 0.7); transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(50px); -webkit-transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(50px); } .left { background: rgba(0, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(50px); -webkit-transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(50px); } .top { background: rgba(196, 196, 0, 0.7); transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(50px); -webkit-transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(50px) } .bottom { background: rgba(196, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(50px); -webkit-transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(50px); } /* Make the table a little nicer */ th, p, td { background-color: #EEEEEE; padding: 10px; font-family: sans-serif; text-align: left; }
Result
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
CSS Transforms Level 1 The definition of 'perspective-origin' in that specification. |
Working Draft | Initial definition |
Browser compatibility
Feature | Chrome | Firefox (Gecko) | Internet Explorer | Opera | Safari (WebKit) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic support | 12-webkit | 10 (10)-moz 16 (16)[1] |
10 | 15 | (Yes)-webkit |
Feature | Android | Firefox Mobile (Gecko) | IE Phone | Opera Mobile | Safari Mobile |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic support | 3.0-webkit | 10.0 (10)-moz 16.0 (16)[1] |
8.1 | (Yes)-webkit | (Yes)-webkit |
[1] In addition to the unprefixed support, Gecko 45.0 (Firefox 45.0 / Thunderbird 45.0 / SeaMonkey 2.42) added support for a -webkit
prefixed version of the property for web compatibility reasons behind the preference layout.css.prefixes.webkit
, defaulting to false
. Since Gecko 49.0 (Firefox 49.0 / Thunderbird 49.0 / SeaMonkey 2.46) the preference defaults to true
.