<mmultiscripts>

The MathML <mmultiscripts> element allows you to create tensor-like objects. In a descriptive way tensors are multidimensional matrices (mathematical imprecise but exemplified). The degree of a tensor depends on the dimensionality of a representative array. For example, a number is a 0-dimensional array, or a 0th-order tensor. A 1-dimensional array (e.g. vectors) is a 1st-order tensor and so 2nd-order tensors are needed to represent square matrices. To learn more about the mathematical background of tensors refer to the entry on Wikipedia.

MathML uses a special syntax to describe subscripts and superscripts for both, postscripts and prescripts, attached to a base expression:

<mmultiscripts>
    base
     (subscript superscript)*
     [ <mprescripts/> (presubscript presuperscript)* ]
</mmultiscripts>

After the base expression you can specify a postsubscript and a postsuperscript. Prescripts are optional and are separated by the empty tag <mprescripts/> (only one <mprescripts /> element is allowed, otherwise you will get an DuplicateMprescripts error in the Error Console and "invalid-markup" in your rendering). In addition you are able to use <none/> as a placeholder for empty scripts (not for the base). See the examples section for a correct usage.

Attributes

class, id, style

Provided for use with stylesheets.

href

Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.

mathbackground

The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.

mathcolor

The text color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.

subscriptshift

The minimum space by which to shift the subscript below the baseline of the expression, as a CSS length.

superscriptshift

The minimum space by which to shift the superscript above the baseline of the expression, as a CSS length.

Examples

Using <mprescripts/>

Sample rendering:

Rendering in your browser: ${}_b{}^{a}X_d^c$

<math>  

    <mmultiscripts>

        <mi>X</mi>      <!-- base expression -->  

        <mi>d</mi>      <!-- postsubscript -->
        <mi>c</mi>      <!-- postsuperscript -->

        <mprescripts />
        <mi>b</mi>      <!-- presubscript -->
        <mi>a</mi>      <!-- presuperscript -->

    </mmultiscripts>

</math>

Using <none/>

Sample rendering:

Rendering in your browser: ${}_{b}X^c$

<math>  

    <mmultiscripts>

        <mi>X</mi>      <!-- base expression -->

        <none />        <!-- postsubscript -->
        <mi>c</mi>      <!-- postsuperscript -->

        <mprescripts />
        <mi>b</mi>      <!-- presubscript -->
        <none />        <!-- presuperscript -->

    </mmultiscripts>

</math>

Specifications

Browser compatibility

Gecko-specific notes

• Starting with Gecko 26.0 (Firefox 26 / Thunderbird 26 / SeaMonkey 2.23 / Firefox OS 1.2) it is no longer possible to use <none /> as the base element. The rendering has been made more consistent with equivalent configurations of <msup> and <msubsup>. A bug with the incorrect application of subscriptshift and superscriptshift attributes has been fixed (see bug 827713 for details).

See also

• <msub> (Subscript)
• <msup> (Superscript)
• <msubsup> (Subscript-superscript pair)