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Object.getOwnPropertyNames()

概述

Object.getOwnPropertyNames()方法返回一个由指定对象的所有自身属性的属性名(包括不可枚举属性)组成的数组。

语法

Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj)

参数

obj
一个对象,其自身的可枚举和不可枚举属性的名称被返回。

描述

Object.getOwnPropertyNames 返回一个数组,该数组对元素是 obj 自身拥有的枚举或不可枚举属性名称字符串。 数组中枚举属性的顺序与通过 for...in loop(或 Object.keys)迭代该对象属性时一致。 数组中不可枚举属性的顺序未定义。

例子

使用 Object.getOwnPropertyNames()

var arr = ["a", "b", "c"];
console.log(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(arr).sort()); // ["0", "1", "2", "length"]

// 类数组对象
var obj = { 0: "a", 1: "b", 2: "c"};
console.log(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj).sort()); // ["0", "1", "2"]

// 使用Array.forEach输出属性名和属性值
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj).forEach(function(val, idx, array) {
  console.log(val + " -> " + obj[val]);
});
// 输出
// 0 -> a
// 1 -> b
// 2 -> c

//不可枚举属性
var my_obj = Object.create({}, {
  getFoo: {
    value: function() { return this.foo; },
    enumerable: false
  }
});
my_obj.foo = 1;

console.log(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(my_obj).sort()); // ["foo", "getFoo"]

如果你只要获取到可枚举属性,查看 Object.keys 或用 for...in循环(还会获取到原型链上的可枚举属性,不过可以使用hasOwnProperty()方法过滤掉)。

下面的例子演示了该方法不会获取到原型链上的属性:

function ParentClass() {}
ParentClass.prototype.inheritedMethod = function() {};

function ChildClass() {
    this.prop = 5;
    this.method = function() {};
}

ChildClass.prototype = new ParentClass;

ChildClass.prototype.prototypeMethod = function() {};

console.log(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(new ChildClass()));// ["prop", "method"]

仅获取不可枚举的属性

下面的例子使用了 Array.prototype.filter() 方法,从所有的属性名数组(使用  Object.getOwnPropertyNames() 方法获得)中去除可枚举的属性(使用  Object.keys() 方法获得),剩余的属性便是不可枚举的属性了:

var target = myObject;
var enum_and_nonenum = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(target);
var enum_only = Object.keys(target);
var nonenum_only = enum_and_nonenum.filter(function(key) {
    var indexInEnum = enum_only.indexOf(key);
    if (indexInEnum == -1) {
        // not found in enum_only keys mean the key is non-enumerable,
        // so return true so we keep this in the filter
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
});

console.log(nonenum_only);

注:

在 ES5 中,如果参数不是一个对象类型,将抛出一个 TypeError  异常。在 ES6 中, non-object 参数被强制转换为 object 

Object.getOwnPropertyNames('foo');
// TypeError: "foo" is not an object (ES5 code)

Object.getOwnPropertyNames('foo');
// ['length', '0', '1', '2']  (ES6 code)

规范

Specification Status Comment
ECMAScript 5.1 (ECMA-262)
Object.getOwnPropertyNames
Standard Initial definition.
Implemented in JavaScript 1.8.5
ECMAScript 2015 (6th Edition, ECMA-262)
Object.getOwnPropertyNames
Standard  

浏览器兼容性

Feature Firefox (Gecko) Chrome Internet Explorer Opera Safari
Basic support 4 (2.0) 5 9 12 5
Feature Firefox Mobile (Gecko) Android IE Mobile Opera Mobile Safari Mobile
Basic support ? ? ? ? ?

Based on Kangax's compat table.

SpiderMonkey-specific notes

  • Prior to SpiderMonkey 28 (Firefox 28 / Thunderbird 28 / SeaMonkey 2.25 / Firefox OS 1.3), Object.getOwnPropertyNames did not see unresolved properties of Error objects. This has been fixed in later versions (bug 724768).

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