Revision 833983 of JavaScript

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<p class="summary"><strong>JavaScript</strong><sup>®</sup> (de regulă prescurtat ca <strong>JS</strong>) este un limbaj simplu, interpretat orientat pe obiecte având <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-class_functions">funcții first-class</a> cunoscut ca limbajul de scripting pentru paginile web, dar care este <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript#Uses_outside_web_pages">utilizat în multe medii fără browser</a> așa cum sunt <a href="https://nodejs.org/">node.js</a> sau <a href="https://couchdb.apache.org/">Apache CouchDB</a>. Este un limbaj de scriptare <a href="/ro/docs/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype-based_programming">bazat-pe-prototip</a>, multi-paradigmatic care este dinamic și care oferă stiluri de programare funcționale, orientate pe obiect și imperative. Citește mai multe <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/About_JavaScript">despre JavaScript</a>.</p>

<p>Standardul JavaScript este <a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Language_Resources">ECMAScript</a>. Începând cu anul 2012, toate browserele moderne au suport pentru ECMAScript 5.1. Browserele mai vechi oferă suport cel puțin pentru ECMAScript 3. Versiunea a 6-a a standardului este în lucru și este așteptată să fie finalizată la mijlocul lui 2015.</p>

<p>Acestă secșiune este dedicată limbajului JavaScript, partea care nu este specifică paginilor web sau altor medii de găzduire. Pentru informații privind API-urile specifice paginilor web, consultă <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API">API-uri Web</a> și <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/DOM">DOM</a>.</p>

<p>JavaScript nu trebuie să fie confundat cu <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)">limbajul de programare Java</a>. Java este o marcă înregistrată a Oracle în S.U.A. și alte țări.</p>

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<h2 id="Tutoriale">Tutoriale</h2>

<p>Învață cum să programezi în JavaScript.</p>

<h3 id="Introducere">Introducere</h3>

<dl>
 <dt><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide">Ghidul JavaScript</a></dt>
 <dd>Dacă ești nou în JavaScript, acest ghid te va orienta prin limbaj.</dd>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/JavaScript_technologies_overview">O privire asupra tehnologiilor JavaScript</a></dt>
 <dd>Introducere în perspectiva oferită de JavaScript în browser.</dd>
 <dt><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Introduction_to_Object-Oriented_JavaScript">Introducere în JavaScript Orientat pe Obiecte</a></dt>
 <dd>Introduction to the concepts of object oriented programming in JavaScript.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Intermediar">Intermediar</h3>

<dl>
 <dt><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/A_re-introduction_to_JavaScript">O re-introducere în JavaScript</a></dt>
 <dd>O recapitulare pentru cei care <em>cred</em> că știu JavaScript.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>
 <dt><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures">Structuri de date JavaScript</a></dt>
 <dd>O privire la structurile de date din JavaScript.</dd>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Equality_comparisons_and_sameness">Equality comparisons and sameness</a></dt>
 <dd>JavaScript oferă trei operatori pentru compararea diferitelor valori: egalitate strictă folosind <code>===</code> și egalitate simplă folosind <code>==.</code></dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Advansat">Avansat</h3>

<dl>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Inheritance_and_the_prototype_chain">Moștenire și prototype chain</a></dt>
 <dd>Explanation of the widely misunderstood and under-estimated prototype-based inheritance.</dd>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Strict_mode">Strict mode</a></dt>
 <dd>A restricted variant of JavaScript.</dd>
 <dt><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Typed_arrays">JavaScript typed arrays</a></dt>
 <dd>JavaScript typed arrays provide a mechanism for accessing raw binary data.</dd>
 <dt><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Memory_Management">Memory Management</a></dt>
 <dd>Memory life cycle and garbage collection in JavaScript.</dd>
</dl>
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<h2 id="Referințe">Referințe</h2>

<p>Răsfoiește întreaga documentație de la <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference">JS reference</a>.</p>

<dl>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects">Obiecte standard</a></dt>
 <dd>Învață despre obiectele built-in standard <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array" title="The JavaScript Array global object is a constructor for arrays, which are high-level, list-like objects."><code>Array</code></a></code>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean" title="The Boolean object is an object wrapper for a boolean value."><code>Boolean</code></a>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date" title="Creates a JavaScript Date instance that represents a single moment in time. Date objects are based on a time value that is the number of milliseconds since 1 January, 1970 UTC."><code>Date</code></a>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error" title="The Error constructor creates an error object. Instances of Error objects are thrown when runtime errors occur. The Error object can also be used as a base objects for user-defined exceptions. See below for standard built-in error types."><code>Error</code></a>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function" title="The Function constructor creates a new Function object. In JavaScript every function is actually a Function object."><code>Function</code></a>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON" title="The JSON object contains methods for parsing JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) and converting values to JSON. It can't be called or constructed, and aside from its two method properties it has no interesting functionality of its own."><code>JSON</code></a>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math" title="Math is a built-in object that has properties and methods for mathematical constants and functions. Not a function object."><code>Math</code></a>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number" title="The Number JavaScript object is a wrapper object allowing you to work with numerical values. A Number object is created using the Number() constructor."><code>Number</code></a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object"><code>Object</code></a>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp" title="The RegExp constructor creates a regular expression object for matching text with a pattern."><code>RegExp</code></a>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String" title="The String global object is a constructor for strings, or a sequence of characters."><code>String</code></a>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map" title="The Map object is a simple key/value map. Any value (both objects and primitive values) may be used as either a key or a value."><code>Map</code></a>, <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set">Set</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakMap" title="The WeakMap object is a collection of key/value pairs in which the keys are objects and the values can be arbitrary values."><code>WeakMap</code></a></code>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakSet" title="The WeakSet object lets you store weakly held objects in a collection."><code>WeakSet</code></a>, dar și despre altele.</dd>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators">Expresii &amp; operatori</a></dt>
 <dd>Află mai multe despre comportamentul operatorilor JavaScript <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/instanceof">instanceof</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/typeof">typeof</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/new">new</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/this">this</a></code>,&nbsp; și alții.</dd>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements">Statements &amp; declarations</a></dt>
 <dd>Află despre <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/do...while">do-while</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for...in">for-in</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for...of">for-of</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/try...catch">try-catch</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/let">let</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/var">var</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const">const</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/if...else">if-else</a></code>, <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/switch">switch</a></code>, despre cum funcționează alte statements în&nbsp;JavaScript și cuvinte-cheie.</dd>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions">Funcții</a></dt>
 <dd>Învață cum să lucrezi cu funcțiile JS pentru a dezvolta propriile aplicații.</dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="Instrumente_resurse">Instrumente &amp; resurse</h2>

<p>Instrumente utile atunci când scrii și faci debugging pe codul&nbsp; JavaScript.</p>

<dl>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Tools">Firefox Developer Tools</a></dt>
 <dd><a href="/en-US/docs/Tools/Scratchpad">Scratchpad</a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Tools/Web_Console">Web Console</a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Tools/Profiler">JavaScript Profiler</a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Tools/Debugger">Debugger</a>, and more.</dd>
 <dt><a class="external" href="https://www.getfirebug.com/">Firebug</a></dt>
 <dd>Edit, debug, and monitor CSS, HTML, and JavaScript live in any web page.</dd>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Shells">JavaScript Shells</a></dt>
 <dd>A JavaScript shell allows you to quickly test snippets of JavaScript code.</dd>
 <dt><a href="https://togetherjs.com/">TogetherJS</a></dt>
 <dd>
 <p class="hero-header-text large">Collaboration made easy.</p>
 </dd>
 <dt><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/javascript">Stack Overflow</a></dt>
 <dd>Stack Overflow questions tagged with "JavaScript".</dd>
 <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/New_in_JavaScript">JavaScript versions and release notes</a></dt>
 <dd>Browse JavaScript's feature history and implementation status.</dd>
</dl>
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