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document.activeElement

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概述

返回当前页面中获得焦点的元素,也就是说,如果此时用户按下了键盘上某个键,会在该元素上触发键盘事件.该属性是只读的.

很多情况下,该属性会返回一个<input>或者<textarea>元素,于此同时,如果用户在文本输入框中选中了一些文本,还可以使用该元素的selectionStartselectionEnd属性获得准确的选中文本内容.

该属性的值还可能是一个<select>元素(下拉菜单)或者type属性为button,checkboxradio<input>元素.

注: 在Mac上,无法输入文字的元素无法获得焦点.

通常,用户可以通过Tab键来在页面中可以获得焦点的那些元素中切换,然后按下空格键激活这个元素(按下按钮,选择单选选项,打开下拉菜单选项等).

如果没有某个元素获得焦点,则该属性的值为当前页面中的<body>元素. 

注: 该属性被包含在了HTML5规范中.

语法

var curElement = document.activeElement;

示例

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
    <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8">
    function init() {

        function onMouseUp(e) {
            console.log(e);
            var outputElement = document.getElementById('output-element');
            var outputText = document.getElementById('output-text');
            var selectedTextArea = document.activeElement;
            var selection = selectedTextArea.value.substring(
            selectedTextArea.selectionStart, selectedTextArea.selectionEnd);
            outputElement.innerHTML = selectedTextArea.id;
            outputText.innerHTML = selection;
        }

        document.getElementById("ta-example-one").addEventListener("mouseup", onMouseUp, false);
        document.getElementById("ta-example-two").addEventListener("mouseup", onMouseUp, false);
    }
    </script>
</head>
<body onload="init()">
<div>
    Select some text from one of the Textareas below:
</div>
<form id="frm-example" action="#" accept-charset="utf-8">
<textarea name="ta-example-one" id="ta-example-one" rows="8" cols="40">
This is Textarea Example One: 
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Donec tincidunt, lorem a porttitor molestie, odio nibh iaculis libero, et accumsan nunc orci eu dui.
</textarea>
<textarea name="ta-example-two" id="ta-example-two" rows="8" cols="40">
This is Textarea Example Two:
Fusce ullamcorper, nisl ac porttitor adipiscing, urna orci egestas libero, ut accumsan orci lacus laoreet diam. Morbi sed euismod diam.
</textarea>
</form>
Active Element Id: <span id="output-element"></span><br/>
Selected Text: <span id="output-text"></span>

</body>
</html>

在JSFiddle中查看

规范

浏览器兼容性

Feature Chrome Firefox (Gecko) Internet Explorer Opera Safari (WebKit)
Basic support 2 3.0 4 9.6 4.0
Feature Android Firefox Mobile (Gecko) IE Phone Opera Mobile Safari Mobile
Basic support ? ? ? ? ?

[1] IE9中获取iframe中的activeElemet时会抛出异常,比如: parent.document.activeElement 会抛出异常。

文档标签和贡献者

 此页面的贡献者: JohnHou, teoli, khalid32, ziyunfei
 最后编辑者: JohnHou,