The class expression is one way to define a class in ECMAScript 2015 (ES6). Similar to function expressions, class expressions can be named or unnamed. If named, the name of the class is local to the class body only. JavaScript classes are using prototype-based inheritance.
Syntax
var MyClass = class [className] [extends] {
// class body
};
Description
A class expression has a similar syntax to a class statement (declaration). However, with class expressions, you are able to omit the class name ("binding identifier"), which you can't with class statements. Additionally, class expressions allow you to redefine/re-declare classes and don't throw any type errors like class declaration. The constructor property is optional. And, typeof the classes generated using this keyword will always be "functions".
Just like with class statements, the class body of class expressions is executed in strict mode.
'use strict';
var Foo = class {}; // constructor property is optional
var Foo = class {}; // Re-declaration is allowed
typeof Foo; //returns "function"
typeof class {}; //returns "function"
Foo instanceof Object; // true
Foo instanceof Function; // true
class Foo {}; // Throws TypeError, doesn't allow re-declaration
Examples
A simple class expression
This is just a simple anonymous class expression which you can refer to using the variable "Foo".
var Foo = class {
constructor() {}
bar() {
return "Hello World!";
}
};
var instance = new Foo();
instance.bar(); // "Hello World!"
Foo.name; // "Foo"
Named class expressions
If you want to refer to the current class inside the class body, you can create a named class expression. This name is only visible in the scope of the class expression itself.
var Foo = class NamedFoo {
constructor() {}
whoIsThere() {
return NamedFoo.name;
}
}
var bar = new Foo();
bar.whoIsThere(); // "NamedFoo"
NamedFoo.name; // ReferenceError: NamedFoo is not defined
Foo.name; // "NamedFoo"
Specifications
| Specification | Status | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| {{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}} | {{Spec2('ES6')}} | Initial definition. |
| {{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}} | {{Spec2('ESDraft')}} |
Browser compatibility
{{CompatibilityTable}}
| Feature | Chrome | Firefox (Gecko) | Internet Explorer | Opera | Safari |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic support | {{CompatChrome(42.0)}} | {{CompatGeckoDesktop(45)}} | {{CompatUnknown}} | {{CompatUnknown}} | {{CompatUnknown}} |
| Feature | Android | Android Webview | Firefox Mobile (Gecko) | IE Mobile | Opera Mobile | Safari Mobile | Chrome for Android |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic support | {{CompatNo}} | {{CompatChrome(42.0)}} | {{CompatGeckoMobile(45)}} | {{CompatUnknown}} | {{CompatUnknown}} | {{CompatUnknown}} | {{CompatChrome(42.0)}} |