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This is an experimental technology
Because this technology's specification has not stabilized, check the compatibility table for usage in various browsers. Also note that the syntax and behavior of an experimental technology is subject to change in future versions of browsers as the specification changes.
Summary
The grid-area
CSS property is a shorthand property for grid-row-start
, grid-row-end
, grid-column-start
and grid-column-end
specifying a grid item’s size and location within the grid row by contributing a line, a span, or nothing (automatic) to its grid placement, thereby specifying the edges of its grid area.
If four <grid-line> values are specified, grid-row-start
is set to the first value, grid-column-start
is set to the second value, grid-row-end
is set to the third value, and grid-column-end
is set to the fourth value.
When grid-column-end
is omitted, if grid-column-start
is a <custom-ident>, grid-column-end
is set to that <custom-ident>; otherwise, it is set to auto
.
When grid-row-end
is omitted, if grid-row-start
is a <custom-ident>, grid-row-end
is set to that <custom-ident>; otherwise, it is set to auto
.
When grid-column-start
is omitted, if grid-row-start
is a <custom-ident>, all four longhands are set to that value. Otherwise, it is set to auto
.
Initial value | as each of the properties of the shorthand:
|
---|---|
Applies to | grid items and absolutely-positioned boxes whose containing block is a grid container |
Inherited | no |
Media | visual |
Computed value | as each of the properties of the shorthand:
|
Animation type | discrete |
Canonical order | the unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar |
Syntax
/* Keyword values */ grid-area: auto; grid-area: auto / auto; grid-area: auto / auto / auto; grid-area: auto / auto / auto / auto; /* <custom-ident> values */ grid-area: somegridarea; grid-area: 2; grid-area: [linename1] 100px [linename2 linename3]; grid-area: somegridarea / 4; grid-area: 2 / [linename1] 100px [linename2 linename3] / 4; grid-area: [linename1] 100px [linename2 linename3] / somegridarea / 2 / 4; /* <integer> + <custom-ident> values */ grid-area: somegridarea 4; grid-area: somegridarea 4 / somegridarea 6; grid-area: somegridarea 4 / somegridarea 6 / somegridarea 3; grid-area: somegridarea 4 / somegridarea 6 / somegridarea 3 / somegridarea 8; /* span + <integer> + <custom-ident> values */ grid-area: span 3; grid-area: span somegridarea; grid-area: 5 somegridarea span; grid-area: span 3 / span 6; grid-area: span somegridarea / span 4 / 3 somegridarea span; grid-area: span 5 / span somegridarea / 2 somegridarea span / somegridarea span 6; /* Global values */ grid-area: inherit; grid-area: initial; grid-area: unset;
Values
auto
- Is a keyword indicating that the property contributes nothing to the grid item’s placement, indicating auto-placement, an automatic span, or a default span of
1
. <custom-ident>
- If there is a named line with the name '<custom-ident>-start'/'<custom-ident>-end', it contributes the first such line to the grid item’s placement.
Note: Named grid areas automatically generate implicit named lines of this form, so specifying
grid-area: foo;
will choose the start/end edge of that named grid area (unless another line namedfoo-start
/foo-end
was explicitly specified before it).Otherwise, this is treated as if the integer
1
had been specified along with the<custom-ident>
. <integer> && <custom-ident>?
- Contributes the nth grid line to the grid item’s placement. If a negative integer is given, it instead counts in reverse, starting from the end edge of the explicit grid.
If a name is given as a <custom-ident>, only lines with that name are counted. If not enough lines with that name exist, all implicit grid lines are assumed to have that name for the purpose of finding this position.
An
<integer>
value of0
is invalid. span && [ <integer> || <custom-ident> ]
- Contributes a grid span to the grid item’s placement such that the corresponding edge of the grid item’s grid area is n lines from the opposite edge.
If a name is given as a <custom-ident>, only lines with that name are counted. If not enough lines with that name exist, all implicit grid lines on the side of the explicit grid corresponding to the search direction are assumed to have that name for the purpose of counting this span.
If the <integer> is omitted, it defaults to
1
. Negative integers or 0 are invalid.
Formal syntax
<grid-line> [ / <grid-line> ]{0,3}where
<grid-line> = auto | <custom-ident> | [ <integer> && <custom-ident>? ] | [ span && [ <integer> || <custom-ident> ] ]
Example
HTML Content
<div id="grid"> <div id="item1"></div> <div id="item2"></div> <div id="item3"></div> </div>
CSS Content
#grid { display: grid; height: 100px; grid-template: repeat(4, 1fr) / 50px 100px; } #item1 { background-color: lime; grid-area: 2 / 2 / auto / span 3; } #item2 { background-color: yellow; } #item3 { background-color: blue; }
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
CSS Grid Layout The definition of 'grid-area' in that specification. |
Candidate Recommendation | Initial definition |
Browser compatibility
Feature | Chrome | Firefox (Gecko) | Internet Explorer | Edge | Opera | Safari |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic support | 29.0[1] | 40.0 (40.0)[2] | 10.0-ms[3] | 20-ms[3] | 28.0[1] | Nightly build-webkit |
Feature | Android | Firefox Mobile (Gecko) | IE Mobile | Opera Mobile | Safari Mobile |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic support | No support | No support | 10.0-ms[3] | No support | No support |
[1] Implemented behind the experimental Web Platform features flag in chrome://flags
.
[2] Implemented behind the preference layout.css.grid.enabled
, defaulting to false
.
[3] Internet Explorer implements an older version of the specification, which only defines a grid-row-span
and a grid-column-span
property, and is using the -ms prefix. Therefore part of the property is implemented there as -ms-grid-row-span
and -ms-grid-column-span
, respectively.
See also
- Related CSS properties:
grid-row
,grid-row-start
,grid-row-end
,grid-column
,grid-column-start
,grid-column-end