JSON.stringify()

خلاصة موجزة

تقوم الدالة JSON.stringify() بتحويل قيم JavaScript إلى نص على طريقة JSON. يمكن اختياريا إما استبدال القيم إذا تم تحديد دالة الاستبدال (replacer)، أو إدراج خصائص معينة  إذا تم تحديد لها جدولا في دالة الإستبدال. 

بناء التركيب

JSON.stringify(value[, replacer[, space]])

الوسائط

value

القيم المراد تحويلها إلى نص JSON.

replacer Optional

If a function, transforms values and properties encountered while stringifying; if an array, specifies the set of properties included in objects in the final string.
A detailed description of the replacer function is provided in the JavaScript guide article Using native JSON.

space Optional

Causes the resulting string to be pretty-printed.

Description

JSON.stringify() converts a value to JSON notation representing it:

• Properties of non-array objects are not guaranteed to be stringified in any particular order. Do not rely on ordering of properties within the same object within the stringification.
• Boolean, Number, and String objects are converted to the corresponding primitive values during stringification, in accord with the traditional conversion semantics.
• If undefined, a function, or a symbol is encountered during conversion it is either omitted (when it is found in an object) or censored to null (when it is found in an array).
• All symbol-keyed properties will be completely ignored, even when using the replacer function.

JSON.stringify({});                  // '{}'
JSON.stringify(true);                // 'true'
JSON.stringify('foo');               // '"foo"'
JSON.stringify([1, 'false', false]); // '[1,"false",false]'
JSON.stringify({ x: 5 });            // '{"x":5}'

JSON.stringify({ x: 5, y: 6 });
// '{"x":5,"y":6}' or '{"y":6,"x":5}'
JSON.stringify([new Number(1), new String('false'), new Boolean(false)]);
// '[1,"false",false]'

// Symbols:
JSON.stringify({ x: undefined, y: Object, z: Symbol('') });
// '{}'
JSON.stringify({ [Symbol('foo')]: 'foo' });
// '{}'
JSON.stringify({ [Symbol.for('foo')]: 'foo' }, [Symbol.for('foo')]);
// '{}'
JSON.stringify({ [Symbol.for('foo')]: 'foo' }, function(k, v) {
  if (typeof k === 'symbol') {
    return 'a symbol';
  }
});
// '{}'

space argument

The space argument may be used to control spacing in the final string. If it is a number, successive levels in the stringification will each be indented by this many space characters (up to 10). If it is a string, successive levels will indented by this string (or the first ten characters of it).

JSON.stringify({ a: 2 }, null, ' ');
// '{
//  "a": 2
// }'

Using a tab character mimics standard pretty-print appearance:

JSON.stringify({ uno: 1, dos: 2 }, null, '\t');
// returns the string:
// '{
//     "uno": 1,
//     "dos": 2
// }'

toJSON() behavior

If an object being stringified has a property named toJSON whose value is a function, then the toJSON() method customizes JSON stringification behavior: instead of the object being serialized, the value returned by the toJSON() method when called will be serialized. For example:

var obj = {
  foo: 'foo',
  toJSON: function() {
    return 'bar';
  }
};
JSON.stringify(obj);        // '"bar"'
JSON.stringify({ x: obj }); // '{"x":"bar"}'

Example of using JSON.stringify() with localStorage

In a case where you want to store an object created by your user and allowing it to be restored even after the browser has been closed, the following example is a model for the applicability of JSON.stringify():

// Creating an example of JSON
var session = {
  'screens': [],
  'state': true
};
session.screens.push({ 'name': 'screenA', 'width': 450, 'height': 250 });
session.screens.push({ 'name': 'screenB', 'width': 650, 'height': 350 });
session.screens.push({ 'name': 'screenC', 'width': 750, 'height': 120 });
session.screens.push({ 'name': 'screenD', 'width': 250, 'height': 60 });
session.screens.push({ 'name': 'screenE', 'width': 390, 'height': 120 });
session.screens.push({ 'name': 'screenF', 'width': 1240, 'height': 650 });

// Converting the JSON string with JSON.stringify()
// then saving with localStorage in the name of session
localStorage.setItem('session', JSON.stringify(session));

// Example of how to transform the String generated through 
// JSON.stringify() and saved in localStorage in JSON object again
var restoredSession = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('session'));

// Now restoredSession variable contains the object that was saved
// in localStorage
console.log(restoredSession);

Example of using replacer parameter

var foo = { foundation: 'Mozilla', model: 'box', week: 45, transport: 'car', month: 7 };

JSON.stringify(foo, function(key, value) {
  if (typeof value === 'string') {
    return undefined; // remove all properties whose value is a string.
  }
  return value;
});  // '{"week":45,"month":7}'

JSON.stringify(foo, ['week', 'month']);  
// '{"week":45,"month":7}', only keep "week" and "month" properties

Specifications

Browser compatibility

Based on Kangax's compat table.

See also

• Using native JSON
• JSON.parse()