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grid-template

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This is an experimental technology
Because this technology's specification has not stabilized, check the compatibility table for usage in various browsers. Also note that the syntax and behavior of an experimental technology is subject to change in future versions of browsers as the specification changes.

Summary

The grid-template CSS property is a shorthand property for defining grid columns, rows and areas.

Authors can set values for the longhand properties: grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns and grid-template-areas.

Initial valueas each of the properties of the shorthand:
Applies togrid containers
Inheritedno
Percentagesas each of the properties of the shorthand:
Mediavisual
Computed valueas each of the properties of the shorthand:
Animation typediscrete
Canonical orderthe unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar

Syntax

/* Keyword value */
grid-template: none;

/* <track-list> values */
grid-template: 100px 1fr;
grid-template: [linename] 100px;
grid-template: [linename1] 100px [linename2 linename3];
grid-template: minmax(100px, 1fr);
grid-template: fit-content(40%);

/* <auto-track-list> values */
grid-template: 200px repeat(auto-fill, 100px) 300px;
grid-template: minmax(100px, max-content)
                       repeat(auto-fill, 200px) 20%;
grid-template: [linename1] 100px [linename2]
                       repeat(auto-fit, [linename3 linename4] 300px)
                       100px;
grid-template: [linename1 linename2] 100px
                       repeat(auto-fit, [linename1] 300px) [linename3];

/* Global values */
grid-template: inherit;
grid-template: initial;
grid-template: unset;

Values

none
Is a keyword that sets all three longhand properties to none, meaning there is no explicit grid. There are no named grid areas. Rows and columns will be implicitly generated; their size will be determined by the grid-auto-rows and grid-auto-columns properties.
<'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'>
Sets grid-template-rows and grid-template-columns to the specified values, and sets grid-template-areas to none.
[ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?
Sets grid-template-areas to the strings listed, grid-template-rows to the track sizes following each string (filling in auto for any missing sizes), and splicing in the named lines defined before/after each size, and grid-template-columns to the track listing specified after the slash (or none, if not specified).

Note: The grid shorthand accepts the same syntax, but also resets the implicit grid properties to their initial values. Use grid (as opposed to grid-template) to prevent these values from cascading in seperately.

Formal syntax

none | [ <'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'> ] | [ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?

where
<line-names> = '[' <custom-ident>* ']'
<track-size> = <track-breadth> | minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth> ) | fit-content( [ <length> | <percentage> ] )
<explicit-track-list> = [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>?

where
<track-breadth> = <length-percentage> | <flex> | min-content | max-content | auto
<inflexible-breadth> = <length> | <percentage> | min-content | max-content | auto

where
<length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage>

Examples

CSS

#page {
  display: grid;
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template: [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right]
                 [main-left]   "nav  main" 1fr  [main-right]
                 [footer-left] "nav  foot" 30px [footer-right]
                 / 120px 1fr;
}

header {
  background-color: lime;
  grid-area: head;
}

nav {
  background-color: lightblue;
  grid-area: nav;
}

main {
  background-color: yellow;
  grid-area: main;
}

footer {
  background-color: red;
  grid-column: foot;
}

HTML

<section id="page">
  <header>Header</header>
  <nav>Navigation</nav>
  <main>Main area</main>
  <footer>Footer</footer>
</section>

Result

Specifications

Specification Status Comment
CSS Grid Layout
The definition of 'grid-template' in that specification.
Candidate Recommendation Initial definition

Browser compatibility

Feature Chrome Firefox (Gecko) Internet Explorer Edge Opera Safari
Basic support No support[1] No support[2] 10.0-ms[3] 20-ms[3] No support[1] Nightly build-webkit
Feature Android Firefox Mobile (Gecko) IE Mobile Opera Mobile Safari Mobile
Basic support No support No support 10.0-ms[3] No support No support

[1] Implemented behind the experimental Web Platform features flag in chrome://flags since Chrome 29.0 and Opera 28.0.

[2] Implemented behind the preference layout.css.grid.enabled, defaulting to false since Gecko 40.0 (Firefox 40.0 / Thunderbird 40.0 / SeaMonkey 2.37). Since Gecko 51.0 (Firefox 51.0 / Thunderbird 51.0 / SeaMonkey 2.48) the fit-content() function is supported.

[3] Internet Explorer and Edge implement an older version of the specification, which doesn't define this shorthand property.

See also

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 이 페이지의 공헌자: Sebastianz, jackarmley
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