Revision 932411 of <html>

Revision slug: Web/HTML/Element/html
Revision title: <html>
Revision id: 932411
Created: Oct 12, 2015, 3:47:58 AM
Creator: teoli
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The HTML <html> element (or HTML root element) represents the root of an HTML document. All other elements must be descendants of this element.

Since the <html> element is the first in a document other than comments, it is called the root element. Although this tag can be implied, or not required, with {{glossary("HTML")}}, it is required to be opened and closed in {{glossary("XHTML")}}.

Content categories	None.
Permitted content	One {{HTMLElement("head")}} element, followed by one {{HTMLElement("body")}} element.
Tag omission	The start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the `<html>` element is not a comment. The end tag may be omitted if the `<html>` element is not immediately followed by a comment, and it contains a {{HTMLElement("body")}} element either that is not empty, or whose start tag is present.
Permitted parent elements	As the root element of a document, or wherever a subdocument fragment is allowed in a compound document.
DOM interface	{{domxref("HTMLHtmlElement")}}

Attributes

This element includes the global attributes.

{{htmlattrdef("manifest")}} {{obsolete_inline}}: Specifies the URI of a resource manifest indicating resources that should be cached locally. See Using the application cache for details.
{{htmlattrdef("version")}} {{obsolete_inline}}: Specifies the version of the HTML {{glossary("DTD", "Document Type Definition")}} that governs the current document. This attribute is not needed, because it is redundant with the version information in the document type declaration.
{{htmlattrdef("xmlns")}}: Specifies the XML Namespace of the document. Default value is "https://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml". This is required in XHTML, and optional in HTML.

Example

The DOCTYPE used in the following example indicates HTML5.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>...</head>
  <body>...</body>
</html>

Specifications

Specification	Status	Comment
{{SpecName('HTML WHATWG', 'semantics.html#the-html-element', '<html>')}}	{{Spec2('HTML WHATWG')}}	No change since last snapshot.
{{SpecName('HTML5 W3C', 'semantics.html#the-html-element', '<html>')}}	{{Spec2('HTML5 W3C')}}	Added support for the `manifest` attribute (deprecated later). Obsoleted the `version` attribute
{{SpecName('HTML4.01', 'struct/global.html#h-7.3', '<html>')}}	{{Spec2('HTML4.01')}}	Deprectated the `version` attribute

Browser compatibility

Feature	Chrome	Firefox (Gecko)	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari (WebKit)
Basic support	1.0	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
`manifest`	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9")}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}

Feature	Android	Firefox Mobile (Gecko)	IE Phone	Opera Mobile	Safari Mobile
Basic support	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
`manifest`	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatGeckoMobile("1.9")}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}	{{CompatVersionUnknown}}

Revision Source

<p>{{HTMLRef}}</p>

<p>The <strong>HTML <code>&lt;html&gt;</code> element</strong> (or <em>HTML root element</em>) represents the root of an HTML document. All other elements must be descendants of this element.</p>

<p>Since the <code>&lt;html&gt;</code> element is the first in a document other than comments, it is called the root element. Although this tag can be implied, or not required, with {{glossary("HTML")}}, it is required to be opened and closed in {{glossary("XHTML")}}.</p>

<table class="properties">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Content_categories">Content categories</a></th>
   <td>None.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <th>Permitted content</th>
   <td>One {{HTMLElement("head")}} element, followed by one {{HTMLElement("body")}}&nbsp;element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <th>Tag omission</th>
   <td>The start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the <code>&lt;html&gt;</code> element is not a comment.<br />
    The end tag may be omitted if the <code>&lt;html&gt;</code> element is not immediately followed by a comment, and it contains a {{HTMLElement("body")}}&nbsp;element either that is not empty, or whose start tag is present.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <th>Permitted parent elements</th>
   <td>As the root element of a document, or wherever a subdocument fragment is allowed in a compound document.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <th>DOM interface</th>
   <td>{{domxref("HTMLHtmlElement")}}</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="Attributes">Attributes</h2>

<p><span style="line-height:21px">This element includes the&nbsp;</span><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes" style="line-height: 21px;" title="HTML/Global attributes">global attributes</a><span style="line-height:21px">.</span></p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("manifest")}} {{obsolete_inline}}</dt>
 <dd>Specifies the URI of a resource manifest indicating resources that should be cached locally. See <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Using_the_application_cache" title="/en-US/docs/HTML/Using_the_application_cache">Using the application cache</a> for details.</dd>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("version")}} {{obsolete_inline}}</dt>
 <dd>Specifies the version of the HTML {{glossary("DTD", "Document Type Definition")}} that governs the current document. This attribute is not needed, because it is redundant with the version information in the document type declaration.</dd>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("xmlns")}}&nbsp;</dt>
 <dd>Specifies the XML Namespace of the document. Default value is <code>"https://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</code>. This is required in XHTML, and optional in HTML.</dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="Example">Example</h2>

<p>The DOCTYPE used in the following example indicates HTML5.</p>

<pre class="brush: html">
&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;
&lt;html&gt;
  &lt;head&gt;...&lt;/head&gt;
  &lt;body&gt;...&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html&gt;
</pre>

<h2 id="Specifications" name="Specifications">Specifications</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th scope="col">Specification</th>
   <th scope="col">Status</th>
   <th scope="col">Comment</th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('HTML WHATWG', 'semantics.html#the-html-element', '&lt;html&gt;')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('HTML WHATWG')}}</td>
   <td>No change since last snapshot.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('HTML5 W3C', 'semantics.html#the-html-element', '&lt;html&gt;')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('HTML5 W3C')}}</td>
   <td>Added support for the <code>manifest</code> attribute (deprecated later).<br />
    Obsoleted the <code>version</code> attribute</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('HTML4.01', 'struct/global.html#h-7.3', '&lt;html&gt;')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('HTML4.01')}}</td>
   <td>Deprectated the <code>version</code> attribute</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="Browser_compatibility" name="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2>

<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p>

<div id="compat-desktop">
<table class="compat-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Feature</th>
   <th>Chrome</th>
   <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th>
   <th>Internet Explorer</th>
   <th>Opera</th>
   <th>Safari (WebKit)</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Basic support</td>
   <td>1.0</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>manifest</code></td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9")}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<div id="compat-mobile">
<table class="compat-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Feature</th>
   <th>Android</th>
   <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th>
   <th>IE&nbsp;Phone</th>
   <th>Opera Mobile</th>
   <th>Safari Mobile</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Basic support</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>manifest</code></td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("1.9")}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>

<ul>
 <li>MathML top-level element: {{MathMLElement("math")}}</li>
 <li>SVG top-level element: {{SVGElement("svg")}}</li>
</ul>

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