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text-orientation

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This is an experimental technology
Because this technology's specification has not stabilized, check the compatibility table for usage in various browsers. Also note that the syntax and behavior of an experimental technology is subject to change in future versions of browsers as the specification changes.

Summary

The text-orientation CSS property defines the orientation of the text in a line. This property only has an effect in vertical mode, that is when writing-mode is not horizontal-tb. It is useful to control the display of writing in languages using vertical script, but also to deal with vertical table headers.

Initial valuemixed
Applies toall elements, except table row groups, rows, column groups, and columns
Inheritedyes
Mediavisual
Computed valueas specified
Animation typediscrete
Canonical orderthe unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar

Syntax

/* Keyword values */
text-orientation: mixed;
text-orientation: upright;
text-orientation: sideways-right;
text-orientation: sideways-left;
text-orientation: sideways;
text-orientation: use-glyph-orientation;

/* Global values */
text-orientation: inherit;
text-orientation: initial;
text-orientation: unset;

Values

mixed
This keyword leads to have characters for horizontal-only scripts being turned 90°, while the glyphs for vertical scripts are laid out naturally.
upright
This keyword leads to have characters for horizontal-only scripts to be laid out naturally (upright), as well as the glyphs for vertical scripts. Note that this keyword lead all characters to be considered as ltr: the used value of direction is ltr, whatever the user could try to set it to.
sideways
This keyword leads to have characters laid out like if they were laid out horizontally, but with the whole line rotated 90° to the right if writing-mode is vertical-rl or to the left, if it is vertical-lr.
sideways-right
An alias to sideways that is kept for compatibility purpose.
use-glyph-orientation
On SVG elements, this keyword leads to use the value of the deprecated SVG properties glyph-orientation-vertical and glyph-orientation-horizontal.

Formal syntax

mixed | upright | sideways

Examples

.myText {
  writing-mode: vertical-rl;
  text-orientation: sideways-right;
}  

Specification

Specification Status Comment
CSS Writing Modes Module Level 3
The definition of 'text-orientation' in that specification.
Candidate Recommendation Initial definition

Browser compatibility

Feature Chrome Firefox (Gecko) Internet Explorer Opera Safari (WebKit)
Basic support (Yes) -webkit
48.0 (unprefixed)
41 (41)[1] No support (Yes) -webkit No support
sideways No support 44 (44)[2] No support No support No support
Feature Android Android Webview Chrome for Android Firefox Mobile (Gecko) IE Phone Opera Mobile Safari Mobile
Basic support No support 48.0 (unprefixed) 48.0 (unprefixed) 41.0 (41)[1] No support No support No support
sideways No support No support No support 44.0 (44)[2] No support No support No support

[1] Available since Gecko 38, but behind the preference layout.css.vertical-text.enabled, then disabled by default. The preference has been removed in Gecko 51 and this property cannot be disabled since this version.

[2] sideways-right has been made an alias of sideways.

See also

Document Tags and Contributors

 Contributors to this page: teoli, jpmedley, Sebastianz, mfluehr, fscholz, gotchago
 Last updated by: teoli,